Sample Questions from Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA)

Preview a few questions below — answers are revealed when you take the exam.

1. A team needs to deploy a stateful application on Kubernetes that requires persistent storage. The application must maintain data consistency across multiple replicas. What approach should they take?

   • Use a StatefulSet with PersistentVolumeClaims and configure the storage class to support data replication.
   • Deploy the application using a Deployment and use a shared network file system for storage.
   • Implement a DaemonSet to ensure each node has a copy of the application and use local storage.
   • Use a Job to run the application and store data in an external database.

2. Consider the situation where a Kubernetes cluster needs to be scaled horizontally to handle increased traffic. Which method solves it best?

   • Manually edit the Deployment YAML file to increase the number of replicas.
   • Use the HorizontalPodAutoscaler to automatically adjust the number of pod replicas based on CPU utilization.
   • Scale the cluster by adding more nodes and manually redeploying the applications.
   • Use kubectl scale command to increase the number of replicas for each service.

3. Which option best evaluates the security posture of a Kubernetes cluster?

   • Regularly update the Kubernetes version and apply security patches.
   • Use Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to manage permissions and limit access to the API server.
   • Implement network policies to restrict traffic between pods and enforce pod security standards.
   • All of the above practices should be implemented to ensure a robust security posture.

4. How should a professional assess the performance of a Kubernetes cluster?

   • Monitor the CPU and memory usage of the nodes and pods using Kubernetes metrics.
   • Analyze the network latency and packet loss between the pods and services.
   • Evaluate the application response time and throughput under different load conditions.
   • All of the above assessments should be conducted to evaluate the performance of the cluster.

5. What strategy should be applied when deploying a microservices architecture on Kubernetes?

   • Use a single Deployment for all microservices to simplify management.
   • Deploy each microservice as a separate Deployment with its own service and ingress.
   • Use a DaemonSet to ensure each microservice runs on every node in the cluster.
   • Implement a StatefulSet for each microservice to maintain data consistency across replicas.